http://dr.lib.sjp.ac.lk/handle/123456789/11022 Thu, 23 Apr 2026 10:37:44 GMT 2026-04-23T10:37:44Z http://dr.lib.sjp.ac.lk/handle/123456789/11042 Participation of People with Disabilities in SMEs Development in Tanzania: Policy Review Lameck, W.U. This paper concerns people with disabilities (PWD) and their participation in Small and Medium Enterprises Development in Tanzania. The literature on people with disability has now concluded that evolving (PWD)s in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is an engine for innovation and economic growth. Despite this recognition, the SMEs policy in Tanzania like other developing countries does not provide accurate guidelines for participation of PWDs in income generating activities. Consequently, the absence of clear directives coupled with negative attitudes towards PWDs constrains their participation and contribution to social-economic development. This review paper reports on the desk review findings concerning SMEs policy and participation of PWDs in income generating activities in Tanzania. The review shows that inclusion of PWDs in SMEs development can be important impetus for social and economic development. Therefore, this paper recommends different strategies through which PWDs can be integrated in SMEs development activities such as provision of credit facilities, training, education, infrastructure facilities and rehabilitation services to PWDs. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://dr.lib.sjp.ac.lk/handle/123456789/11042 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dr.lib.sjp.ac.lk/handle/123456789/11039 Social Accountability in MGNREGA: Institutionalised Social Audit in United Andhra Pradesh of India Dhaktode, N.; Kumar, A. The study examines key issues that occur in the implementation of public policy and the role of social audit to curb those. Corruption is one of the serious issues in South Asia, especially in India. It has become everyday culture and quite normal to discuss corruption in India. In absence of social accountability and the sole emphasis on traditional vertical accountability, it observed a significant negative effect in the implementation of the social welfare programmes. The rising concepts of ‘transparency and accountability’ are playing a vital role to achieve good governance, empower the citizens and justice in the new public management system. The tool of the social audit has emerged as a hope for the democratic accountability that provides a platform to people, especially the marginalised ones, to raise their grievances fearlessly. The key objective of the research is to examine the institutionalisation process and its contribution to ensure transparency and accountability in the implementation of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA). Key findings of the research suggest that United Andhra Pradesh was the first state who came up with the institutionalised social audit to sustain its process. The state had an interesting journey that achieved the full-flagged institutionalised social audit process. The institutionalisation of social audit in the state has proven its effective outputs to make the system more accountable for their duties that brought a positive impact on the quality implementation of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) as a social policy. Keywords: Transparency and Accountability, Social Audit, Institutionalisation and Social Policy. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://dr.lib.sjp.ac.lk/handle/123456789/11039 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dr.lib.sjp.ac.lk/handle/123456789/11036 ICT Applications in Disaster Resilience in a Smart City in Colombo Area of Sri Lanka Kularathna, E.A.I.; Geethamali, H.D.M.K. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://dr.lib.sjp.ac.lk/handle/123456789/11036 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dr.lib.sjp.ac.lk/handle/123456789/11035 Judicial Accountability in India: Issues and Challenges Rangaswamy, D. The proper administration of justice system being an intrinsic value of rule of law and constitutional governance fundamentally lies with judicial accountability. Though the Indian constitutional jurisprudence is considerably developed in line with international judicial standards, still Indian legal system lacks adequate standard relating to judicial accountability and Code of Ethics. The inadequacy and inefficiency of the system are evident from the very few cases reported against judges despite prevalence of suspicion of corrupt and unethical practices among the judges. This tendency of non-reporting of the cases is reasonably high and relatively complex on account of apparently proved unworkable and unfeasible constitutional mechanism against judges in India. Longstanding judicial reforms of the country and recent constitutional indiscipline of the judges of Supreme Court of India in expressing their anguish over the functioning of the highest apex Court of country by breaking down the constitutional culture has further aggravated the situation. This uncultured constitutional practice has intensified suspicion of efficiency of constitutional governance in infusing propriety and probity to the judicial system of the nation. In this context, this paper examines judicial accountability system of the country and identifies legal deficiencies in judicial accountability. The researcher argues that the Indian legal system shall be further streamlined in line with the best practices of the other countries. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://dr.lib.sjp.ac.lk/handle/123456789/11035 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z